遗产旅游研究进展

近年来，遗产旅游受到旅游业界和学界的广泛关注，起初阶段的遗产旅游研究起源于对遗产资源的开发利用，而近几年的研究更多的是出于遗产开发过程中出现的遗产保护与开发的冲突。国外有关遗产旅游理论和实践的研究成果已经相当丰富，而我国在这方面的研究还相对薄弱，本文从遗产旅游的概念体系、真实性与完整性、保护与开发、遗产解说几个方面对国内外的研究进行综述，以给我国的遗产旅游研究和发展一些启示。     

行动研究与教师发展的关系研究

行动研究是近年来国外发展起来的一种教学理论研究方法,并逐渐成为促进教师专业化发展的有效途径。教师专业化发展的关键环节就是反思。行动研究能够促进教师改进教学,提高对自己行动的反省效果和分析、解决问题的能力,扩展专业知识和技能,提高自身专业素质,实现专业上的自我发展和自我完善。     

基于战略管理视角的平衡计分卡与企业文化

平衡计分卡已经从单纯的绩效评估工具发展成为实现战略目标的管理系统。而企业文化的建设作为对企业业绩的一种管理已经越来越受到企业认可。基于战略管理视角,企业的管理者应该将平衡计分卡与企业文化相结合,培养独特的企业文化,实现其战略目标,求得企业的可持续发展。     

Reassessing welfare reform data: a response to cherry

Abstract

This is a response to Robert Cherry's comment on the article, “Welfare as We [Don't] Know It: A Review and Feminist Critique of Welfare Reform Research” that appeared in the 10(2) issue of Feminist Economics. This response argues that while some combination of welfare reform, the booming economy in the late 1990s, and changes in economic policy all worked together to decrease caseloads and increase employment rates among welfare leavers, these are incomplete measures of the impact of welfare reform on the lives of lone mothers. This paper also argues that the effects of welfare reform on lone mothers are more mixed than Cherry acknowledges. This paper concludes that when one holistically examines low-income lone mothers' lives, it is premature to declare welfare reform a success.     

What Is Organizational Strategy? A Language‐Based View

Under what conditions does a collective strategy exist among organizational members? Where should a scholar look for one? To offer one way to start solving these puzzles I propose a view of organizational strategy as a language game that governs the use of strategy labels at the level of the organization. Organizational strategy exhibits a division of linguistic labour, where responsibility for key concepts is assigned to particular individuals or organizational functions. Such linguistic experts oversee the proper use and maintenance of strategy language. The language‐based view helps to understand linkages between institutional, network, organizational, and micro level views on strategy. It also problematizes widely held intuitions regarding the relationship between strategy and organizational outcomes.     

Reassessing Firm Size in International Marketing Research

This study investigates the relevance and importance of firm size as a current research variable in international marketing while being cognizant of the reasons behind previous researcher's focus on firm size. Utilizing two different databases and analyses, this study integrates existing research on the effects of firm size variables on decisions in international marketing and draws a general conclusion. The main research questions center on whether firm size matters in internationalization decisions and whether firm size is a meaningful proxy for specific firm resources. Our results suggest that the effect of size on internationalization becomes less significant over time and that the effect of firm size on choice of ownership is significantly less than that of other firm-specific variables such as R&D intensity and advertising intensity, suggesting that strategic international marketing decisions are more related to a firm's unique assets than to its size.     

Maximizing the Success of Balanced Scorecard Implementation in the Hospitality Industry

Abstract

The balanced scorecard (BSC) is increasingly being adopted by firms in the corporate sector, with some studies estimating that more than 40% of the Fortune 100 companies will implement the BSC by 2001. Analogous to the instrument panel of a plane, the BSC provides management with a holistic view of what is happening inside and outside the organization. A well-designed BSC can help management to translate the organization's mission into goals, actions and performance measures, align individual and organizational goals, and measure/guide progress towards goal attainment. However, the BSC is not without its share of pitfalls and problems. This article discusses how hospitality establishments also can reap the benefits from implementing the BSC while avoiding its pitfalls. We provide an overview of the nature of the BSC, and review two case studies from the hospitality industry. Findings from discussions with hotel general managers also are reported. These managers strongly support the potential usefulness of the BSC in their industry. Then we draw on examples and experiences of organizations that have implemented the BSC to provide a comprehensive discussion of the pitfalls to avoid in BSC development and implementation.     

Greenways: a sustainable leisure experience concept for both communities and tourists

This paper reviews the development of greenways/car-free trails as an alternative environmentally friendly communication system and assesses their strengths and weaknesses. It gives the results of a questionnaire survey of 1261 users along a 106-km greenway in Spain linking the Pyrenees with the Mediterranean Sea. Unlike previous studies, sampling was random and unequal probabilities of selection were properly accounted for. The results show a complex range of user profiles, tourist and non-tourist, their perceptions of the trail and some of the direct and indirect impacts of the greenway on the communities through which it passes. Management recommendations flowing from the survey are presented with the aim of increasing the use of accommodation services and businesses in the towns and villages near the greenway and helping create a more sustainable tourism system. The paper illustrates the potential importance of greenways in a future low-carbon tourism strategy adapting to climate change.     

我国中小商业银行的操作风险问题研究

商业银行作为经营金融资产和负债的机构,风险也随之诞生。近年来,作为商业银行风险之一的操作风险在银行业金融机构日常的经营业务过程中所造成的损失日益严重,越来越受到银行业金融机构与有关监管部门的重视。在现代竞争激烈的社会,降低操作风险造成的损失也就是间接地提高金融机构的竞争力,提升金融机构的服务质量。中小银行发展初期注重业务的快速发展,操作风险管理起步较晚,操作风险管理水平较低,操作风险管理体系仍需不断完善。     

Influence of technological support,skills and competencies,and learning on corporate entrepreneurship in European technology firms

In the today′s changing environment, firms are hardly competing with each other to achieve a competitive advantage that can differentiate them from others and improve their organizational performance. In this sense, it is crucial to develop corporate entrepreneurship and promote strategic variables that foster it.The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of different technological variables (top management support to technology, technological skills and technological distinctive competencies) and organizational learning on corporate entrepreneurship, and thus analyze the influence of corporate entrepreneurship on organizational performance in the context of technology firms.A sample of 160 European technology firms was selected from the database Amadeus in 2009 with CEOs as our main informants. The hypotheses studied are empirically confirmed by using a hierarchical regression model.